c++ - Include error.Functions already declared -


i've read lot problem ,but haven't found proper solution. have 4 files:

includes.h - contains libraries need in other files + global functions cities.h - contains declarations of  2 classes cities.cpp - contains definitions of 2 classes in cities.h source.cpp - main functon

and have(and need) these includes

//cities.h #include "includes.h"  //cities.cpp #include "cities.h"  //source.cpp #include "cities.h"

i've tried combinations of #ifndef in of files , program continues give me same error: function_x declared in cities.obj.and error repeats functions in "includes.h". please me.this makes me lot of headaches.

as you've described in comments, have function definitions in includes.h header file. when included in multiple implementation files, end multiple definitions of functions in program. breaks one definition rule. should declare functions in includes.h , move definitions includes.cpp file.

something this:

// includes.h  void foo(); int bar(int);   // includes.cpp  void foo() {   // implementation }  int bar(int x) {   // implementation }

i'm going try , preempt question typically follows answer. no, include guards (#ifndef ...) not meant prevent this. prevent header being included multiple times in single translation unit. including header in multiple translation units, include guard not stop.


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

php - cannot display multiple markers in google maps v3 from traceroute result -

i'm newbie in php mysql , google maps v3. have problems in google maps v3. made traceroute web based , map traceroute's result in google maps v3 final project of college education. have try many tutorials didn't work. have tried tutorials in forum nothing worked. problem cannot display multiple markers got location data database. maybe because i'm newbie , not know how do. confuse looping show markers. here code <?php error_reporting(e_all ^ (e_notice)); ini_set('max_execution_time', 360); $enable_log_user = false; global $ip, $host_name, $host_ip; $host = @$_post['host']; $trace = @$_post['trace']; $self = $_server['php_self']; include("phpsqlajax_dbinfo.php"); $connection = mysql_connect ('127.0.0.1', $username, $password); if (!$connection) { die('not connected : ' . mysql_error());} $db_selected = mysql_select_db($database, $connection); if (!$db_selected) { die ('can\'t use db : ...
Read more

c# - DetailsView in ASP.Net - How to add another column on the side/add a control in each row? -

i have detailsview control on page used edit various fields of record, works in respect. i looking way add 1 column (and if works, why not more) right, absolutely read-only, show same fields of record comparison purposes. i aware there no obvious way such thing out of box detailsview . have looked other controls (transposed gridview , recommended formview , listview ), nothing satisfies. have special data binding setup using detailsview , can't out of without losing features. anyone on how "hack in" additional columns (for display only) on detailsview ? the solution have now, use second detailsview , visible set false in aspx. in code, make sure databind hidden detailsview hosts data third column first, initial detailsview named itemdetails . and in item created event, pass third column html rendering of hidden controls (in last code block) : protected void itemdetails_itemcreated(object sender, eventargs e) { if (dataite...
Read more

javascript - firefox memory leak -

i have following script (i use raphaeljs also) draws circle, waits 1 second, draws circle again, etc (you can copy paste - functional, need include raphael raphaeljs.com): <div id="holder"> </div> <script src="raphael.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script> var paper = raphael(10, 50, 320, 200); var rad = math.pi / 180; var finangle = 0; function sector(cx, cy, r, startangle, endangle, params) { var x1 = cx + r * math.cos(-startangle * rad), x2 = cx + r * math.cos(-endangle * rad), y1 = cy + r * math.sin(-startangle * rad), y2 = cy + r * math.sin(-endangle * rad); return ["m", cx, cy, "l", x1, y1, "a", r, r, 0, +(endangle - startangle > 180), 0, x2, y2]; } var path = sector(100,100,50,0,180); var arc = paper.path(path); function draw() { path = sector(100,100,50,0,finangle); ...
Read more